HOW ATOMS FORMED ?

                     Our  Universe is made from energy , matter and time.  13.8 billion years ago , at the time of Big Bang,  time started and enormous amount of energy was was thrown out during that event . The events which happened at the time of early universe laid the foundation of the mordern universe which we are observing. Atoms are fundamental building blocks of matter consisting of protons nuetrons and electrons. Ever wondered how these atoms were formed ?

                             Almost 13.8 billion years ago , a violent explosion triggered when our universe was extremely hot and dense , actually having infinite density at a single point. Our universe exploded from a size of proton to the size of a solar system in no time . After one trillionth of  trillionth of triillionth of trillionth of trilllionth of a sec our universe was nothing but pure energy , this energy was created into matter . But How ?? 

                               The Answer is Einstien's famous equation E = MC^2 which gives realtion between energy and matter, that energy and matter are interconvertible i.e energy can be converted into matter in extreme conditions. The early universe provided the conditions for creation of the early generation of matter , QUARKS .

           

  Quarks are most fundamental particles of the atom , Quarks are of  different types i.e Up Quark , Down Quark , Bottom Quark , Top Quark , Charm Quark , Strange Quark . Proton is made from two UP quarks and one Down Quark , Nuetron is made from one up quark and 2 two down  quarks . Along with Quarks other subatomic particles like Mesons, leptons , bosons were also created . 

                     As our universe expanded , the energy of quarks decreased and they were attracted by each other by Strong nuclear force which was provided by Gluons , and in this way protons and nuetrons were formed . As our universe expanded and cooled down the protons and nuetrons merged together to form nuclei of atom and after 1 minute after the big bang explosion these nucleus attracted the electrons which are also known as leptons. 

                       In this way early elements Hydrogen and helium were formed. which are the most simplest atoms of the periodic table. The Universe consisted of 90% hydrogen 10% helium.

This laid the foundation of the the beautiful universe which we live in .

                         THANK YOU !!